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Rajakumar, G. R.
- Nutritional Constraints for Nut Drop of Arecanut in Western Ghats Soils of Uttara Kannada of Karnataka in India
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Natural Resource Management, College of Foresry (U.A.S.), Sirsi (Karnataka), IN
2 Department of Agronomy, Regional Horticultural Research and Extension Centre, UHS Campus, G.K.V.K., Bengaluru (Karnataka), IN
1 Department of Natural Resource Management, College of Foresry (U.A.S.), Sirsi (Karnataka), IN
2 Department of Agronomy, Regional Horticultural Research and Extension Centre, UHS Campus, G.K.V.K., Bengaluru (Karnataka), IN
Source
International Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Vol 12, No 1 (2016), Pagination: 6-14Abstract
In recent years, nut drop in arecanut crop is becoming a common problem in Western Ghats soils of Uttar Kannada district. To find out the reasons for nut drop in arecanut, a research was conducted during 2010-11 and 2011-12 in the area involving survey of nut drop affected fields, collection of soil samples from the affected fields and their analysis. The soils were analysed for pH, EC, organic carbon, available NPK, DTPA-Zn and available boron. The soils of the area match with the laterite characters. The initial data (before onset of monsoon) indicated that the soils were acidic in lower depths while neutral in surface soils, low in EC, low in available P, DTPA-Zn and available boron. The available K was low to medium. However, the soils were found medium to high in organic carbon and available N. The soil samples were also collected after receipt of rainfall and analyzed. The results indicated that the soil pH was slightly lowered but EC and available K were lowered more as compared to intial values. Similarly the organic carbon and available N were increased but DTPA-Zn and available B were remained low and not affected much as compared to initial status. Depth-wise soil analysis indicated that surface soil were having more acidic pH, low salts, higher organic C, higher available NPK than sub-soils. Further, these were lowered after receipt of rain, particularly EC and potash. The available Zn and B remained deficient. The available K, DTPA-Zn and available B were found to be deficient in these soils and need to be corrected immediately after heavy rains. The nutrients and other soil properties status if not improved may become constraints for nut drop in arecanut. To improve the soil pH, it is necessary to apply lime / dolomite, to improve EC level and available potash status of soil there is a need to apply extra dose of potash to soil than the recommended dose. To increase available P in acidic soils, there is a need to apply rock phosphate. Since the available N is medium to high, the recommended N may be continued. The recommended dose of Zn and B have to be applied before onset of monsoon and if nut drop prevails these have to be applied immediately after receipt of rains.Keywords
Nutrient Constraints, Arecanut, Heavy Rainfall, Acid Soils, Laterite.References
- Ananthanarayana, R. and Perur, N. G. (1973).Characterization of some acid soils of Mysore state. Mysore J. Agric. Sci.,7:349–353.
- Ananthanarayana, R., Reddy M.N., Mithyantha, M.S. and Perur N.G. (1986). Status of available secondary nutrients in acid soils of Karnataka. J. Indian Soc. Soil Sci., 34 (5):614-616.
- Anonymous (1996). NBSS & LUP Annual Rep., ICAR, Nagpur, pp.12.
- Bhat, N.T. and Mohapatra, A. R. (1981).Scientific management for arecanut soils of coastal Karnataka. J. Indian Soc. Soil Sci., 42:436–438.
- Chandran P., Ray, S.K., Bhattacharyya, T., Srivastava, P., Krishnan, P. and Pal, D.K. (2005). Lateritic soils of Kerala, India: Their mineralogy, genesis and taxonomy. Australian J. Soil Res., 43 (7):839-852.
- Gajanan, G.N., Upadyaya, G.S. and Deshpande, P.B. (1978). Factors affecting the lime requirement of coastal acid soil of Karnataka. J. Indian Soc. Soil Sci., 26:301.
- Jackson, M.L. (1973). Soil chemical analysis, Prentice Hall of India (Pvt.) Ltd., NEW DELHI, INDIA.
- Jayaprakash, R., Shetty, Y. Vishwanath , Punitha, B.C. and Shilpashree, V.M. (2012). Status of macronutrient in traditional arecanut growing soils. Indian J. Fundamen. & Appl. Life Sci., 2 (1):59-62.
- Jyothi,T.V., Shetty, Y.Vishwanatha and Kumar, M. Dinesh (2009). Characterization and DTPA- Zn status in traditional arecanut garden soils of south Karnataka. Karnataka J. Agric. Sci., 22(5):1013-1015.
- Roy, B.B. and Landey, R.I. (1962). Studies on red and lateritic soils of Mond watershed area of Raigarh district. Indian J.Agric. Sci., 32(6):294-302.
- Shukla, S.S., Ray, Chudhuri S.P. and Anjeneyalu, B.S.R. (1965). Studies on some foot hill soils of Himalaya. J. Indian Soc. Soil Sci., 13 (6):115-122.
- Walkley, A.J. and Black, C.A. ( 1934). Estimation of soil organic carbon by the chromic and titration method. Soil Sci., 37(5):37-38.
- Anonymous (2010). Directorate of arecanut and soils development. website: decuet.nic.in/spices/events/ totalevents.asp.
- Anonymous (2014). Agriculture planning and information bank: Package of Practice for Arecanut, http://megapib.nic.in/ pparecanut.htm
- Development and Performance Verification of Soil Testing Kit
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Natural Resources Management, College of Forestry (U.A.S.), Sirsi, Uttar Kannada (Karnataka), IN
2 Regional Horticultural Research and Extension Centre, U.H.S. Campus, G.K.V.K., Post Bengaluru (Karnataka), IN
1 Department of Natural Resources Management, College of Forestry (U.A.S.), Sirsi, Uttar Kannada (Karnataka), IN
2 Regional Horticultural Research and Extension Centre, U.H.S. Campus, G.K.V.K., Post Bengaluru (Karnataka), IN
Source
International Journal of Forestry and Crop Improvement, Vol 7, No 1 (2016), Pagination: 41-45Abstract
It was planned to produce a kit by the authors at KVK, Sirsi, UAS, Dharwad during 2009-10. The so developed 'Om kit-Part-I' was released in Krishimela 2010 of UAS, Dharwad. Trials have been conducted during 2009-10, 2010-11 and 2011-12 at KVK, Sirsi (Uttar Kannada district) and during 2011-12 and 2012-13 at KVK, Hanumanamatti (Haveri district). Universal indicator is also available in the market as a ready product. Hence, production of such liquid was tried with available indicators suitable for specific ranges. The combinations were tried. The result is the DHUN indicator. The production of equipment was tried with available electrical devices with standard EC solutions suitable for specific ranges. The combinations were tried. The result is the SLIM stick. The salinity measurement is through this SLIM stick (Salinity Light Intensity Monitor stick). Ranjan Kumar Basak's soil testing methods were modified and brought into this kit method which clearly indicates the per cent of organic matter in soil very easily and quickly. It gives colour development (Orange yellow, olive green and bluish green for low, medium and high organic matter levels).Keywords
Soil Testing Kit, pH Indicator, Salinity, Organic C.- Processing of Black Pepper (Piper nigrum L.) Through Solarisation
Abstract Views :245 |
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Agricultural Research Station, Hanumanamatti, Haveri (Karnataka), IN
2 Regional Horticultural Research and Extension Centre (U.H.S.), G.K.V.K., Bengaluru (Karnataka), IN
3 Department of Natural Resource Management, College of Forestry, Sirsi, Uttara Kannada (Karnataka), IN
1 Agricultural Research Station, Hanumanamatti, Haveri (Karnataka), IN
2 Regional Horticultural Research and Extension Centre (U.H.S.), G.K.V.K., Bengaluru (Karnataka), IN
3 Department of Natural Resource Management, College of Forestry, Sirsi, Uttara Kannada (Karnataka), IN
Source
International Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Vol 14, No 1 (2018), Pagination: 211-214Abstract
Appearance of red or yellow colour in any of the black pepper berries of a spike indicates optimum maturity. During the production of black pepper, harvesting is done at this stage. Open sun drying method is prevailing in Uttara district of Karnataka and in any other parts of the country too. Traditionally, black pepper is sun dried on a floor coated with cow dung slurry resulting in poor quality produce with less per cent recovery, oleoresin, piperine and aroma and ultimately resulting low market price. In CFTRI technique, the pepper berries/spikes are dipped in boiling water for one minute and then sun dried to get a quality produce. However, it is cumbersome and requires skill. An experiment was conducted at Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Sirsi and in farmer’s fields of Siddapur Taluk, Uttar Kannada. In T1 and T4 whole spikes and de berried berries were sun dried in open sun on cement floor, respectively. Whereas in T2 and T5 whole spikes and de-berried berries were processed by dipping in hot water for one minute and then sun dried. In T3 and T6 whole spikes and de-berried berries were processed in between polythene sheets (200 gauge) for 2-3 hours (till they become black) on first day and then sun dried for 3-4 days. The dry weight of the produce was recorded and per cent recovery was worked out. The samples were analysed for physical and chemical characteristics like bulk density, aroma, colour, per cent oil, oleoresin, piperine and moisture at IISR, Calicut. The treatments T3 and T6 recorded higher recovery of dry berries, good colour, higher aroma and higher market price. In large scale studies T6 performed better in recovery as well as quality parameters such as oleoresin and piperine contents.Keywords
Black Pepper, Salarization, Oleoresin, Recovery.References
- Anith, K.N.,Radhakrishnan, N.V. and Manomohandas, T.P. (2003). Screening of antagonistic bacteria for biological control of nursery wilt of black pepper (Piper nigrum). Microbiol. Res., 158 ( 2): 91-97.
- Govindrajan (1977). Pepper chemistry, technology and quality evaluation. Critical Rev. Food Sci. & Nutr., 9 : 115-225.
- Jacob, C.V., Varghese, M.T., Joy, T. and Mathuua, A. (1985). Focus on pepper technology: I Drying of pepper. Indian Spices, 22(3): 27-29.
- Joy, C.M., George, Peter, Pittappillil and Jose, K.P. (2002). Drying of black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) using solar tunnel dryer. Pertanika J. Trap. Agric. Sci., 25 (1): 39-45.
- Krishnamurthy, N., Sampathu, S.R., Soubhagya, H.B. and Shankaranayana, M.L.(1993). Farm processing of some spices- pepper, turmeric and ginger. In: Proc. Post-harvest Technology of Spices Ed. C.S. Narayanan, B. Shankarikkutti, Nirmala Menon, P.N. Ravindran and B. Sasikumar. p. 50-52. RRL Spices Board, Cochin.
- Rajan and Sarma (2000). Chapter 2 : Strategies to improve the qualitv of black pepper cultivated in Kerala. In Book : Principle of drying in solar tunnel dryer.
- Senthilkumara and Vadivel (2000). Chapter 2 : Strategies to improve the qualitv of black pepper cultivated in Kerala. In Book : Principle of drying in solar tunnel dryer.
- Sivaramaw, K., Kandiannan, K., Peter, K.V. and Thankamani, C.K. (1999). Agronomy of black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) -A review. J. Spices & Aromatic Crops, 8 (1) :1-18.
- Sreekumar (2001). Chapter 2 : Strategies to improve the quality of black pepper cultivated in Kerala. In Book :Principle of drying in solar tunnel dryer.
- Sodha, M.S., Bansal, P.K., Dang, A. and SHARMA, S.B. (1985). Open sundrying and analytical study. Internat. J. Dry. Technol., 3 (4): 517-527.
- Thomas (2002). Chapter 2 : Strategies to improve the quality of black pepper cultivated in Kerala. In Book : Principle of drying in solar tunnel dryer.